Human Rights Law Course Work - 2128 Words

Human Rights Law Course Work 1.0 Introduction The European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Convention’) stands as the world’s most successful legal instrument and foundation for international legal process in the protection of Human Rights. Drafted two months after the founding of the Council of Europe, in the aftermath of the atrocities of World War II, it was fundamental to the future and stability of the region to introduce Human Rights in a document able to bring peace, unity and accountability. This was articulated at the conference of the International Committee of the Movements for European Unity where the delegates stated: We desire a Charter of Human Rights guaranteeing liberty of thought, assembly and expression as well as the right to form political opposition; we desire a Court of Justice with adequate sanctions for the implementation of this charter. The subject of this paper is on Article 3 of the Convention, a ‘cardinal axiom’ of International Human Rights Law, in the sense that it provides the absolute and non-derogable right, which states ‘no one shall be subject to torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment’. The prohibition of torture goes far beyond just written international law and has also been manifested as jus cogens and acknowledged as a fundamental peremptory norm of general international law. The absolute nature of this right is however not an expressShow MoreRelatedHuman Rights : Universal And Inalienable Rights919 Words   |  4 Pagesthat all humans are entitled to universal and inalienable rights. According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights article 1 best, explains what universal human rights are by stating that all human beings are born free and equal in dignity rights. (Articles of the UN Universal Declaration, International Law: United for Human Rights.) , and while all persons are entitled to these rights there are many throughout out the world who are suffering due to the fact their human rights are beingRead MorePlanning Team Will Be Made Up Of David E Essay1701 Words   |  7 PagesKarban will be representing the Advocates for Human Rights, Ms. Bettis-Eddie will be representing the community, and Ms. Redrick will be representing our University sponsors. The planning team will also include a legal counsel, a chief financial officer, and police envoy to aid in security for the event. Program Description and Target Audience As previously stated, this program is a dual learning program targeting asylum seeking immigrants and recent law school graduates. The general purpose of theRead MoreWorking With Refugees And Displaced Persons902 Words   |  4 Pagesvarious education and community development work in a serious of refugee and internationally displaced camps (IDP) on the border of China and Myanmar. I have also done work with displaced persons in Morocco when I studied abroad in my internship at a local nonprofit that provided courses and basic life necessities for displaced persons. Finally, I have experience working with asylum seekers during my field placement at Bronx Legal Services and in my work as an advisory board member of my undergraduateRead MoreAnnual Law Review Essay1107 Words   |  5 PagesSeptember 29 the Career Development Office will be bringing you Colorado Springs Mayor John Suthers. Mayor Suthers is a former attorney general of Colorado and a former U.S. attorney for Colorado and he is sure to have excellent career advice. The annual Law Review Symposium is always a major event, and the keynote speaker will be the Hon. Tom Hardiman of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. Judge Hardiman is a great supporter of our students and has hired clerks from NDLS. On November 21,Read MoreMedia Law in Australia1303 Words   |  5 PagesMedia Law in Australia Objective The objective of this work in writing is to examine media law in Australia and to answer the question of whether journalists should receive protection against revealing their sources in court. This work will discuss the merits of each side of the argument. Introduction Journalists are reported to be susceptible to being jailed for refusing to reveal their sources in court while simultaneously, journalist complain they are denied access to information, particularlyRead MoreLaw Personal Statement797 Words   |  4 PagesLaw has always been of great interest to me. My curiosity of the subject stems from younger years which consisted of frequent visits to the Courthouse in Dublin to see my Uncle and Aunt, a barrister and high court judge respectively, in action. Since then I have felt drawn to a life of in the legal system. Information I received at a careers open day I attended in fifth year outlined the new skills I would acquire and vast career opportunities available following a degree in law. This confirmed forRead MoreEssay on Becoming A Lawyer1750 Words   |  7 Pagessteps in order to be on the right path in order to become a lawyer. While attaining a degree in your undergraduate studies, you must select a major that will be of some assistance and relevance to your particular law career. For example, if you want to be a corporate lawyer, you should major in business or if you want to be a judge, you should major in political science. After attaining your degree in your chosen major, you must attend law school. American Law schools are very expensive,Read MoreThe Problem Of Police Enforcement1149 Words   |  5 Pagesscrutiny throughout the course of United States history – most exclusively the past decade. As a country, we categorize law enforcement in two distinct categories: brutal or helpful; we fail to consider similarities between the two categories, and we ultimately fail to classify law enforcement as humans. The philosophy of establishing a distinct code of law dates back to the genesis of America. The constitution established three branches of government that parallels the law code – legislative, executiveRead MoreImpact Of Public Health Of Domestic Violence847 Words   |  4 Pagesviolence against women also has a high economic cost in this country. The consequence of implemented laws as Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) in 1994 does not reduce the domestic violence issues in the recent studies. The analysis of the the domestic violence policy has improved the program developments, enforced the criminal justice sentences, and designed the new guidelines in federal laws. Historically, in the federal level, Congress signed the Crime Bill, enacted legislation empowering theRead MoreEssay about Elements of a Common Ethics Program, A List of Elements794 Words   |  4 Pagesactions. Never make false or lying statements to anyone. 2) Integrity- Make sure to do the right ethically and legally. 3) Fairness- This company has an anti-bullying code of ethics. We do not allow anyone to intimidate or threaten anyone. 4) Communication- As any company we work as a team. Follow the ethics program as it describes ways to act, from reaching out to your supervisor or using the company’s human resource department. This ethics program is to be followed and obligatory for all employees

Crisis Counseling Research Paper - 1237 Words

Assessing Potential for Performing Effective Crisis Counseling This paper evaluates my potential for crisis intervention counseling by applying scholarly peer-reviewed articles and information from James and Gilliland’s (2017) textbook for how burnout, Vicarious Traumatization, and Compassion Fatigue affect crisis workers. It also incorporates considerations for how countertransference, Secondary Traumatic Stress, Vicarious Posttraumatic Growth, and compassion satisfaction may either complicate or enhance effectiveness. The conclusion suggests mitigating factors for concerns which could impede effectiveness matched to my needs. The following definitions apply within the assessment: †¢ Burnout involves environmental and organizational†¦show more content†¦In effect, the cognitive changes for the counselor may result in positive changes. †¢ Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS), similar to VT, is â€Å"the natural, consequent behaviors and emotions resulting from knowledge about a traumatizing event experienced by a significant other† (Bercier Maynard, n.d., p. 81); with PTSD characteristics as opposed to cognitive ones (Turgoose Maddox, 2017). †¢ Countertransference comprises â€Å"the attributing to the client, by the crisis worker, of traits and behaviors of past and present significant others or events in the crisis workers own life† (James Gilliland, 2017, p. 554); differentiated as a temporary action related to working with a specific client as opposed to the potential long-term psychological changes in counselors from CF, VT, and/or STS. Qualities/Characteristics and Experiences Potentially Affecting Me My drive and passion for becoming a counselor comes from desire to build a legacy for helping others by applying my empathic and caring nature developed as a manager-coach throughout my career. Events, some traumatic, formed a cognitive understanding for dealing with situations and growing professionally and personally. As a hiring manager for over 20 years and a small business and career coach for over 7 years, I experienced immense compassion satisfaction from working with hundreds of employees and clients. Upon retirement, I furthered myShow MoreRelatedLegal Ethical Issues with Advertising and Online Counseling1385 Words   |  6 Pagesthe field of counseling, phones, fax machines, copiers, and computers are all used to run everyday operations and transfer information. Despite how great technology can be, ethical issues can arise because of it. 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Therapeutic websites are very helpful for someone who isn’t able to get to an office setting to have face-to-face sessions. They are extremely convenient because one can have counseling sessions inRead MoreA Brief Note On Counseling And Family Counseling1271 Words   |  6 PagesCounseling Specialty Marriage and Family Counseling Focusing on Minuchin s Structural Family Therapy Bridget G. Cleveland The University of Memphis Authors Note: This paper was prepared for the introduction course 4611: Counseling, taught by Instructor Hatcher. 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Therapists perform at their best when their mental and physical health is met; furthermore, they are capableRead MoreThe Scope Of Competency For Counseling Psychologists1131 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract This paper explores the difference between the scope of practice and the scope of competency of psychology subfields. This paper also elaborates on examples of professional fields in relation to scope of practice and scope of competency. Included research helps identify and elaborate more specifically on counseling psychologists and how the code of ethics is applied. The scope of practice for counseling psychologists includes helping individuals explore and recognize his/her strengths andRead MoreCrisis Intervention Essay1506 Words   |  7 PagesCrisis intervention is emergency first aid for mental health (Ehly, 1986). 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I will also examine the key philosophies of the counseling profession including, wellness, resilience, andRead MoreExploring A Specific Crisis Situations1282 Words   |  6 Pages Exploring a Specific Crisis Situations The Story of Melody Shandi Gerkin Thomas University Exploring a Specific Crisis Situation: The Story of Melody In order to explore how a crisis worker would approach, assess, and treat a crisis situation, this paper will focus on the story of Melody, the victim of a brutal rape. Melody Swanson is a 50 year old, divorced teacher who has been living alone since her children went to college two months ago. Melody

I Shall Not Pass This Way Again Analysis free essay sample

There are no â€Å"second chances,† meaning that if you make mistakes in this life, you cannot make them up in another life. Then in the second sentence, â€Å"Any good things, therefore, that I can do, any good kindness that I can show a fellow being, let me do it now,† states that any good thing that you can do to others, do it now. Do not delay in doing good, because you never know when your time will come. As a Catholic, Grellet believed in life after death, and to get into heaven, one must have lived a good life. You must not pass opportunities because those opportunities will not be there forever. In the third and final sentence, â€Å"Let me not defer or neglect it, for I shall not pass this way again,† it states again that you should not ignore an opportunity to do good and emphasizes once more that â€Å"I shall not pass this way again. We will write a custom essay sample on I Shall Not Pass This Way Again Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † He restates, adding emphasis, that we only have one life to live, and in that life, we should not waste the opportunities to do good. It was Aesop that said â€Å"No act of kindness, no matter how small, is ever wasted,† and Mother Teresa said â€Å"Kind words can be short and easy to speak, but their echoes are truly endless. † Kind acts are never a waste, even if it takes your attention off of material things like money and fortune. The smallest acts, or even words, although easy to do, can spread like an echo and create a chain reaction, making others do other good deeds. Although short, this poem has a powerful and well known meaning, like the two quotes. One should not pass the opportunities to help others and to do good. I agree, and I think everyone else agrees, that if an opportunity to do good is presented right in front of you, you would do it. You should not ignore or neglect an opportunity for it might not happen again. And because we only have one life to live, the acts we commit cannot be solved in another life. This is the only life we have, and we should use it to help others and to share our goodness. â€Å"I Shall not Pass this Way Again†: I expect to pass through this world but once. Any good things, therefore, that I can do, Any good kindness that I can show a fellow being, Let me do it now. Let me not defer or neglect it, For I shall not pass this way again. Imitation: â€Å"I expect to travel through this life only once, Any good deed, therefore, that I can do, Any kindness that I can share to my fellow man, Let me perform it now. Let me postpone not or do it not, For I shall not live this life again. †

Tg-BRAF transgenic mice Essay Example

Tg-BRAF transgenic mice Essay Molecular dissection of papillose thyroid malignant neoplastic disease patterned advance to ill differentiated carcinoma in Tg-BRAF transgenic mice: Evidence for epithelial-mesenchymal passage and designation of campaigner tracts. Abstraction Mice ( Tg-BRAF ) with thyroid-specific look of oncogenic BRAF ( BRAFV600E ) develop papillose thyroid malignant neoplastic diseases ( PTC ) by 3 hebdomads of age. At 5 months gt ; 90 % of PTCs are locally invasive, and ~50 % have well-defined focal point of ill differentiated carcinoma ( PDTC ) . To look into the PTC-PDTC patterned advance in Tg-BRAF mice, we performed a microarray analysis utilizing RNA prepared from cells collected by optical maser gaining control microdissection from mated samples of PDTC and well-differentiated PTC from the same animate being. Analysis of 8 mated samples hybridized to a Operon microarray with a 35473 oligo denseness found 98 cistrons with consistent look alterations between PTC and PDTC in at least 7 of the 8 paired samples. EASE analysis indicated that cistrons involved in cell adhesion and intracellular junctions were significantly represented, with alterations consistent with an epithelial-mesenchymal passage ( EMT ) . Decreased look of E-cad herin and desmocollin 2 and increased look of procollagen and vimentin, all of which are trademarks of EMT, were observed in at least 7 of 8 PDTC focal point. The upregulation of vimentin in PDTC focal point was confirmed by IHC. There were no consistent look alterations in LEF/TCF or in the snail household, proposing that the Wnt and sonic porcupine tracts are non involved in the initiation of EMT, or in patterned advance to PDTC. By contrast, increased look of PDGF-B and/or D was found in all 8 PDTC focal point. As TGF?I look is increased in the thyroids of the Tg-BRAF mice, these informations are consistent with a function for a TGF?-activated autocrine cringle affecting PDGF in EMT. Decreased E-cadherin has besides been observed in human BRAFV600E positive anaplastic carcinomas, proposing that thyroid malignant neoplastic disease patterned advance in worlds may besides affect EMT. Pathways modulating this passage may be of biological and curative involvement. Introduction The BRAFT1799A mutant is the most common familial alteration in PTC. It is non found in any other signifier of well-differentiated follicular tumor ( 1 ) . BRAF mutants can happen early in development of PTC, as they are present in microscopic PTCs ( 2 ) . Most ( 2,3 ) , but non all ( 4 ) , surveies show that PTCs with BRAF mutants present more frequently with extrathyroidal invasion and at a more advanced phase. Tall cell discrepancy PTCs, regarded as more aggressive, have a really high prevalence of BRAF mutant ( 2 ) . Undifferentiated or anaplastic carcinomas originating from preexisting PTCs have a important prevalence of BRAF mutants, whereas those originating from preexisting follicular carcinoma do non ( 2,5 ) . These informations show that BRAF mutants may be an alternate tumor-initiating event in PTC, and that PTCs with this genotype probably carry a worse forecast. The function of oncogenic BRAF as a tumor-initiating event has been confirmed in mice with overexpression of B -RafV600E targeted to thyroid cells by agencies of the thyroglobulin ( Tg ) cistron booster ( 6 ) . Tg-BRAFV600E mice develop PTCs with high penetrance early in life, and advancement to dedifferentiation, capsular and microvascular invasion, corroborating many of the characteristics found in the human tumours. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental animate beings: We will write a custom essay sample on Tg-BRAF transgenic mice specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tg-BRAF transgenic mice specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tg-BRAF transgenic mice specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Creation and initial word picture of the Tg-BRAF2 ( mice with thyroid-specific look of BRAFV600E ) have been described ( 6 ) . Mice were house in. All described processs were approved by the institutional carnal commission. Thyroid aggregation and optical maser gaining control. Animals were euthanized with CO2 and thyroids collected and instantly frozen in OTC. Frozen subdivisions were stained with H A ; E and examined by diagnostician ( YN ) for WD and PD malignant neoplastic disease. Twelve consecutive subdivisions ( 7.5 millimeter ) were taken from parts found to hold a PD focal point. The consecutive subdivisions were stained with HistoGeneTM LCM Frozen Section Staining Kit ( Arcturus Bioscience, Inc. , Mountain View, CA ) and cells from PD focal point and a representative part of WD malignant neoplastic disease were isolated utilizing the artsus Arcturus PixCell II optical maser gaining control microscope System. RNA was isolated from the optical maser captured cells utilizing PicoPureTM RNA Isolation Kit Kit ( Arcturus Bioscience, Inc. , Mountain View, CA ) and so subjected to 2 unit of ammunition messenger RNA elaboration utilizing the messageAMP RNA elaboration kit ( Ambion, Austin, TX ) . Microarray analysis. The mouse 70-mer oligonucleotide library version? ? ? consists of? ? ? optimized oligos ( Qiagen ) and was arrayed and printed as antecedently outlined. The complete cistron lists can be viewed at? ? ? . Fluorescence-labeled complementary DNA were synthesized from amplied RNA utilizing an indirect amino allyl labeling method via an oligo ( dT ) -primed, change by reversal RNA polymerase reaction. The complementary DNA were labeledAmplified RNA was with monofunctional reactive cyanine-3 and cyanine-5 dyes ( Cy3 and Cy5 ; Amersham, Piscataway, NJ ) . Pairwise hybridisations were done between labeled complementary DNA matching to unstimulated versus doxycycline-treated cells for each of the cell lines and clip points. In add-on, to increase the statistical power of the experiment, paired hybridisations were done to compare look between cell lines at the same clip points before or after oncoprotein activation. Detailss of hybridisation and rinsing conditions can be found at? ? ? . Imagin g and informations coevals were carried out utilizing a GenePix 4000A and GenePix 4000B ( Axon Instruments, Union City, CA ) and associated package from Axon Instruments, Inc. ( Foster City, CA ) . The microarray slides were scanned with double optical masers with wavelength frequences to excite Cy3 and Cy5 fluorescence emittance. Images were captured in JPEG and TIFF files, and DNA musca volitanss were captured by the adaptative circle cleavage method. Information extraction for a given topographic point is based on the average value for the signal pels minus the average value for the background pels to bring forth a cistron set informations file for all the DNA musca volitanss. The Cy3 and Cy5 fluorescence signal strengths were normalized. Data standardization was done in two stairss for each microarray individually ( 19-21 ) . First, background-adjusted strengths were log transformed, and the differences ( R ) and norms ( A ) of logtransformed values were calculated as R = log2 ( X1 ) log2 ( X2 ) and A = [ log2 ( X1 ) + log2 ( X2 ) ] / 2, where X1 and X2 denote the Cy5 and Cy3 strengths after deducting local backgrounds, severally. Second, informations focus was done by suiting the array-specific local arrested development theoretical account of R as a map of A. The difference between the ascertained log-ratio and the corresponding fitted value represented the normalized log-transformed cistron look ratio. The statistical analysis was done for each cistron individually by suiting a mixed-effects additive theoretical account. Premises about theoretical account variables are the same as described in mention ( 7 ) , with array effects assumed to be random and intervention and dye effects assumed to be fixed. Statistical significance of differential look was assessed by ciphering Ps and seting for multiple hypotheses proving by ciphering false find rates ( 8 ) . Estimates of fold alteration were besides calculated. Data standardization and statistical analyses were done utilizing SAS statistical package bundle ( SAS Institute, Inc. , Cary, NC ) . Gene note was supplemented with human and mouse homologues for unknown oligos. Immunohistochemistry: Animals were euthanized with CO2 and thyroids collected and instantly placed in 4 % PFA. After 24 hours they thyroids were placed in 70 % ethyl alcohol and embedded in. ? ? ? was? . Consecutive subdivisions from part found to incorporate a PD focal point were? ? ? and incubated with indicated antidbodies. Immunoreactive was detected by incubating with and? Consequence Gene look profile of WD and PD thyroid malignant neoplastic diseases from Tg-BRAF mice: Tg-BRAF2 mice develop PTC by 3 hebdomads of age and by 12 hebdomads of the animate beings had locally invasive PTC and about 50 % had focal countries of PDTC ( 6 ) . The PDTC were identified by a solid growing pattern incorporating fusiform cells ( Fig 1A ) . Extra verification that the focal point were PDTC was provided by an increased figure of mitotic ( Fig 1B ) and Ki67 positive cells ( Fig 1C ) every bit good as the presence of necrotic/apoptosis cells ( Fig 1C ) . To place cistron look alterations involved in the passage from the WD PTC to the PDTC we used LCM to insulate cells from from 8 alone ill differentiated focal point and a representative country of WD PTC from the same Tg-BRAF2 mice. RNA was isolated from the optical maser captured cells, amplified, labeled with Cy5 or Cy3 and hybridized to operon? ? ? bit. This identified? ? ? cistrons with important look alterations ( P lt ; 0.05 , FDR lt ; 0.1 ) and of these? ? ? had an look alterations that was greater 1.5 crease. There were? ? ? cistrons merchandises that decreased and? ? ? that increased. To place signaling tracts that may intercede or lend to these look changes we used EASE analysis to compare our informations set to the Gene Ontology and KEGG databases. This found that cistrons involved in tight junction, ? ? and where significantly represented in the PDTC information set. Closer scrutiny indicated that that cistrons involved in tight juntction and cell contact were decreased, while the intermediate filament cistron increased in look ( Table 2 ) . These alterations are consistent with an EMT. To corroborate cells in the PDTC had undergone EMT a 2nd set of thyroids from Tg-BRAF2 animate being were IHC stained for E-cadherin and vimentin, hall Markss of EMT. tracts Mentions 1. Kimura ET, Nikiforova MN, Zhu Z, Knauf JA, Nikiforov YE, Fagin JA. High Prevalence of BRAF Mutations in Thyroid Cancer: Familial Evidence for Constitutive Activation of the RET/PTC-RAS-BRAF Signaling Pathway in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2003 ; 63:1454-7. 2. Nikiforova MN, Kimura ET, Gandhi M, et Al. BRAF Mutations in Thyroid Tumors Are Restricted to Papillary Carcinomas and Anaplastic or Ill Differentiated Carcinomas Arising from Papillary Carcinomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003 ; 88:5399-404. 3. Xing M, Westra WH, Tufano RP, et Al. BRAF Mutation Predicts a Poorer Clinical Prognosis for Papillary Thyroid Cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005 ; . 4. Puxeddu E, Moretti S, Elisei R, et Al. BRAF ( V599E ) mutant is the taking familial event in grownup sporadic papillose thyroid carcinomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004 ; 89:2414-20. 5. Namba H, Nakashima M, Hayashi T, et Al. Clinical deduction of hot topographic point BRAF mutant, V599E, in papillose thyroid malignant neoplastic diseases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003 ; 88:4393-7. 6. Knauf JA, Ma X, Smith EP, et Al. Targeted look of BRAFV600E in thyroid cells of transgenic mice consequences in papillose thyroid malignant neoplastic diseases that undergo dedifferentiation. Cancer Res 2005 ; 65:4238-45. 7. Wolfinger RD, Gibson G, Wolfinger ED, et Al. Measuring cistron significance from complementary DNA microarray look informations via assorted theoretical accounts. J Comput Biol 2001 ; 8:625-37. 8. Reiner A, Yekutieli D, Benjamini Y. Identifying differentially expressed cistrons utilizing false find rate commanding processs. Bioinformatics 2003 ; 19:368-75.